Marketing Concepts and Planning of Cathay pacific Essay

Advertising Concepts and Planning of Cathay pacific - Essay Example The organization accepts that their business is advertising information to the explorers. In like manner, the organization is devoted to Hong Kong where it was set up as it keeps on making considerable ventures to make Hong Kong’s flying industry and improve the situation for Hong Kong as a provincial transportation center point. Moreover, extra to armada of airplane, the organization additionally puts resources into food readiness, airplane fixes and ground the board organizations. To Cathay Pacific, an extraordinary airdrop isn't simply worried about the contribution of a beguiling registration, flavorful food and loosened up seats; it is tied in with comprehending what a client wants before they have to ask for. This is Cathay Pacific organization thinks about that the authentic long haul qualification among themselves and their opponents is the elite help class offered by their staff. Research has indicated that their administration has an even predominant effect on explor ers' feelings than the item they give (Danny 2006, p. 78). To Cathay Pacific, this shows preparing and progressing in their workforce has similarly as important benefit as their endeavor in unprecedented innovation. Therefore, they have been aggregating or targeting advancing a culture of administration quality. They call this new culture 'Administration Honest from the Heart.' Segmentation, Targeting And Positioning Decisions of Cathay Pacific Cathay Pacific is the circle's third most financially savvy air organization. It is enrolled and grounded in Hong Kong and at present recruits more than twenty thousand representatives. Division, focusing on and situating are the fundamental techniques for showcasing plan. Amount showcase is isolated into minor areas in which customers share a similar arrangement of requirements and wants (Graydon 2003, p. 87). Venders perceive areas or parts and pick the most practicable and savvy segments to target. Cathay Pacific targets exchange explorers by picked account database and mice advertisings. Offering accentuation to the commitment to Hong Kong is a differentiation situating approach of Cathay Pacific (Moyo 2005, p. 59). Also, Cathay Pacific arranges itself as an air organization giving predominance administrations from where it counts their hearts. Along these lines, its current image building war for strengthening this position is â€Å"Individuals and services.† Cathay Pacific deals with the grumblings of its customers through different channels including remark card, Website, and bleeding edge worker in light of the fact that the quantity of complaints is a sign, which can uncover customer endorsement or satisfaction in a roundabout way. In like manner, the organization intermittently performs review concerning the satisfaction of customers proactively (Greenley 2005, p. 123). The result of the satisfaction shows that customer is satisfied with Cathay Pacific's administrations. Content customers lead to custom er unwavering quality and, thus, improve brand equity. By the by, Cathay Pacific despite everything adapts to two layered unwavering quality program to maintain and upgrade client dependability. As per Robeson (2009, p.89), division, focusing on and situating are interrelated strides for arranging promoting trick. Division has been distinguished to include allotting the market into various littler segments with nearly steady customer needs and wants. Focusing on remembers an organization's decision of choosing for at least one objective segments to join in. On the

Aristotle and the Techne of Rhetoric Essay -- History Aristotle Essays

Aristotle and the Techne of Rhetoric Between the third and fifth hundreds of years B.C. there existed a â€Å"golden and old style age† of thought in the old world, with most of this action focused in the polis of Athens, Greece. Despite the fact that the city is truly perceived for its amazing strife with rival polis Sparta, Athens is maybe most popular for the making of democracyâ€that respectable political trial that laid the fundamental structure for the greater part of the rights we Americans appreciate today. First among these rights was the ability to speak freely. Every Athenian resident (which means male land proprietors numbering around 5,000) met normally in open gatherings (in an outdoors assembly hall called the Pnyx) to talk about laws and issues. Each man had a voice in the issue, and his achievement in discouraging or convincing his crowd implied the move Athens would conceivably make. So remarkable talk, and the examination, instructing, and conveyance of it, turned into the focal point of consideration among the Athenians; majority rule government implied singular strengthening, and great talk implied the ability to make change. The primary remarkable researchers to assume the test of breaking down and instructing the craft of talk were Isocrates, Socrates, and later, Plato. Plato before long made a foundation in Athens, fittingly considered the Plato Academy that pulled in men who were keen on the craftsmanship. One of the primary understudies was Aristotle, who like Plato, had an enduring impact on the investigation of talk, yet the train itself. Aristotle was conceived in 384 BC at Stagirus, a Greek province and seaport on the shore of Thrace. His dad, Nichomachus, was a regarded doctor to the King Amyntas of Macedonia. This association with the illustrious family served Aristotle we... ...tain a crowd of people with an end goal to make change. So no, innovation isn't in every case just a machine letting out bolts or a PC murmuring endlessly in some lab some place. It tends to be, as Aristotle contends, found in the rationale of the human brain; for the psyche is, and will consistently be, humankind’s most prominent techne. Works Cited Aristotle. On Rhetoric: A Theory of Civic Discourse. Ed. G. A. Kennedy. Oxford: New York, 1991. â€Å"Aristotle (384 †322 BCE.) Overview† The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Accessible Online: www.utm.edu/examine/iep/an/aristotl.htm. Gotten to: 12 Feb. 2003. Foss, S.K. Logical Criticism; Exploration and Practice. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland, 1996. Newbold, Dr. Webster. â€Å"Review of ‘Understanding technology’ Unit: Writing and Technology.† Available on the web: www.bsu.edu/web/00wwnewbold /213/213unit1review.htm. Gotten to: 11 Feb. 2003.

The Big Book of Alcoholics Anonymous

The Big Book of Alcoholics Anonymous Addiction Coping and Recovery Methods and Support Print The Big Book of Alcoholics Anonymous By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on December 03, 2015 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on July 17, 2019 4th Edition of the Big Book. Alcoholics Anonymous More in Addiction Coping and Recovery Methods and Support Overcoming Addiction Personal Stories Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use The book Alcoholics Anonymous, affectionately known by members as The Big Book, is the textbook for the original 12-step recovery program now known by the same name. Authored by Bill W., founder of Alcoholics Anonymous, and many of the first 100 members of the group, it was actually written by committee, with drafts of the book sent back and forth between Bill Ws group in New York and Dr. Bob, the other founder of A.A., in Akron, OH. Many long-time members of the Alcoholics Anonymous program regard The Big Book with the same esteem that others do the Holy Bible, considering it to be divinely inspired. That might stand to reason because the founders of the 12-step program began their spiritual journey of recovery in the Christian-based Oxford Group and borrowed many of that groups and other Christian organizations principles in forming the 12 steps. Consequently, it follows that some would regard The Big Book with a measure of reverence. The Purpose of The Big Book As it says in the forward of the book, We, of Alcoholics Anonymous, are more than one hundred men and women who have recovered from a seemingly hopeless state of mind and body. To show other alcoholics PRECISELY HOW THEY CAN RECOVER is the main purpose of this book. To accomplish that purpose, the Big Book is divided into two main parts. The first part, known as the first 164 pages or the original manuscript explains the 12 step program and how it can be used to overcome the effects of alcoholism. The first part includes Chapter 5, titled How it Works, which contains the 12 steps and is usually read at the opening of every A.A. meeting worldwide. Read Aloud at Most A.A. Meetings The second part of the book contains stories written by some of the original members of A.A. relating their personal experiences with alcoholism and how they found a path to recovery. In the four editions of the book, some of these stories have been deleted and others added, but the message is the same â€" the only way to fully recover from the effects of alcoholism is to practice the principles found in the 12 steps, which can lead to a spiritual awakening for the alcoholic. For those whose lives have been changed by it, the book Alcoholics Anonymous has become more than a mere book â€" it has become a life-long companion. Probably the most well-known part of the original manuscript, which does not have copyright protection, is in Chapter 5 known as How It Works, a section that is read aloud by members at many A.A. meetings. How It Works Rarely have we seen a person fail who has thoroughly followed our directions. Those who do not recover are people who cannot or will not completely give themselves to this simple program, usually men and women who are constitutionally incapable of being honest with themselves. There are such unfortunates. They are not at fault; they seem to have been born that way. They are naturally incapable of grasping and developing a way of life which demands rigorous honesty. Their chances are less than average. There are those, too, who suffer from grave emotional and mental disorders, but many of them do recover if they have the capacity to be honest. Our stories disclose in a general way what we used to be like, what happened, and what we are like now. If you have decided you want what we have and are willing to go to any length to get it -then you are ready to follow directions. At some of these, you may balk. You may think you can find an easier, softer way. We doubt if you can. With all the earnestness at our command, we beg of you to be fearless and thorough from the very start. Some of us have tried to hold on to our old ideas and the result was nil until we let go absolutely. Remember that you are dealing with alcohol â€" cunning, baffling, powerful! Without help, it is too much for you. But there is One who has all power â€" That One is God. You must find Him now! Half measures will avail you nothing. You stand at the turning point. Throw yourself under His protection and care with complete abandon. Now we think you can take it! Here are the steps we took, which are suggested as your Program of Recovery: 1. Admitted we were powerless over alcohol â€" that our lives had become unmanageable. 2. Came to believe that a Power greater than ourselves could restore us to sanity. 3. Made a decision to turn our will and our lives over to the care and direction of God as we understood Him. 4. Made a searching and fearless moral inventory of ourselves. 5. Admitted to God, to ourselves, and to another human being the exact nature of our wrongs. 6. Were entirely willing that God removes all these defects of character. 7. Humbly, on our knees, asked Him to remove our shortcomings â€" holding nothing back. 8. Made a list of all persons we had harmed and became willing to make complete amends to them all. 9. Made direct amends to such people wherever possible, except when to do so would injure them or others. 10. Continued to take personal inventory and when we were wrong promptly admitted it. 11. Sought through prayer and meditation to improve our contact with God, praying only for knowledge of His will for us and the power to carry that out. 12. Having had a spiritual experience as the result of this course of action, we tried to carry this message to others, especially alcoholics, and to practice these principles in all our affairs. You may exclaim, What an order! I cant go through with it. Do not be discouraged. No one among us has been able to maintain anything like perfect adherence to these principles. We are not saints. The point is, that we are willing to grow along spiritual lines. The principles we have set down are guides to progress. We claim spiritual progress rather than spiritual perfection.

Pablo Escobar Essay - 593 Words

Pablo Escobar had a great impact on drug trade to the U.S. in the 1980s. How he got into cocaine, how he smuggled, it shows and how he was brought down. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Pablo Escobar was born January 12, 1949. After being kicked out of school , he began his career as a thief in streets of Medellin Colombia. Its rumored that Escobar got his start by stealing tomb stones from local cemeteries, then sand blasting them and re-selling them to Panama. Pablo then started on the drug scene by smoking Colombia’s highly potent pot. He would continue to do this the rest of his life. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In the 1960s he starts dealing as well with smoking marijuana. In the early 1970s he had entered the cocaine trade, using†¦show more content†¦and was listed by Forbes magazine as the 7th richest man in the world all because his business in cocaine was so successful. In the same year Pablo and his cartel planned to kill President Bush (sr.) with a bomb on his visit to Cartegena. That’s shows he thought he was that powerful. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;How ever law enforcement was closing in on Escobar. The U.S. want him to be extradited to the U.S. but Escobar surrendered to the Colombian’s in exchange for a promise not to be extradited to the U.S. He was able to design his own luxurious prison and continued to run his business behind the walls. Fifty new charges were brought against Pablo, including political assassination and mass murder. Escobar confessed to just one shipment of cocaine to Europe. When two men came and told Pablo he was being transferred to a military prison, Pablo would have none of this, and he took out hidden weapons, taking the two men hostage. After a night of negotiations 400 army commandos stormed the jail, but Escobar and his brother, along with many others, were gone. After 16 months on the run, he was finally hunted down by Columbian police with the aid of U.S. technology that recognized Escobar’s voice on a cell phone. On December 2, 1993 Pablo Escobar was kille d trying to run away on a roof top in one of his safe houses in Columbia. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Escobar rose fromShow MoreRelatedPablo Escobar880 Words   |  4 PagesPablo Escobar Pablo Escobar was born on December 1, 1949 in Rionegro, Columbia. His parents were Abel de Jesus Dari Escobar, a farmer, and Hemilda Garvine, a teacher.1 His family was poor and because of this, Pablo, at the age of five, promised his mother that he would give her everything. This was his childhood ambition, along with being rich by the time he was 22.1 The fact that he was poor motivated him and made him strive for power and money. He later became the most notorious and richestRead MorePablo Escobar Essays2925 Words   |  12 PagesPablo Escobar is well known throughout the world as one of their greatest outlaws. He grew from obscurity to be the leading cocaine distributor in the world. He led an empire of terror, drugs, money, and violence. He was a gangster and outlaw in the ranks of icons such as Al Capone, Bonnie and Clyde, and John Gotti. He can only be understood by looking at the man’s early life, his rise to ultimate power, and the absolute necessity of ending his r eign of terror by any means. Pablo Escobar was bornRead More Pablo Escobar Essay1601 Words   |  7 PagesPablo Escobar The paper traces Escobars life from humble peasant beginnings to powerful cocaine drug dealer and kingpin. The paper discusses the sound financial decisions Escobar made as well as the way he invested in legitimate projects using the funds he gained illegally. The paper explores the influence Escobar had and the way he worked, ultimately unsuccessfully, to establish a no-extradition clause into the Colombian constitution. Pablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria was born on December 1 1949Read MorePablo Escobar: Pseudo-Transformational Leader1371 Words   |  6 PagesPablo Escobar: Pseudo-Transformational Leader Case #1 Prepared for Dr. Bret Bradley Prepared by Team 2: Timothy Donnelly Sande Jarrett Chase Miller MGT-3133-001 - Leadership February 14, 2012 Intro Pablo Escobar was the charismatic, ruthless leader of the Medellin drug cartel in Columbia during the 1970s and 80s (Kelly, 2005, p. 118). He possessed charisma, intelligence, and an idealized status in the eyes of his followers like a transformational leader (MinsterRead MorePablo Escobar : Murderous Drug Lord1185 Words   |  5 PagesPablo Escobar: Murderous Drug Lord What single man could become responsible for over 80% of cocaine shipment in the United States alone? What man would stop at nothing to get his way, even if it meant effortlessly killing those who stood in his path? Colombian drug lord, Pablo Escobar, was ruthless and willing enough to do just that. In place of becoming the leader of his home country, as he originally desired to be, he turned to a life of crime and violence to satisfy his hunger for leadership andRead MoreA Deceptive Colombian Hero: Pablo Escobar937 Words   |  4 Pagesdrugs throughout vast areas. At the head was Pablo Escobar, who was admired by many inside and outside of the cartel. Countless people were involved in his business, both voluntarily and involuntarily (Kelley). While countless people looked up to him as a hero, Pablo Escobar took vicious measures while running his business, due to his thirst for power and wealth; however, he did not receive a satisfying punishment for the crimes he committed. Pablo Escobar dedicated most of his life to being the spearheadRead MoreThe Media Interpretation Of : Rise And Fall Of Pablo Escobar1849 Words   |  8 PagesJai Mareddy HIST 2222 Essay Chamosa 11/13/16 US Media Interpretation of: Rise and Fall of Pablo Escobar Abstract: Pablo Escobar is known to many as king of the cocaine trade, having controlled and dominated over 80% of the cocaine shipped to the US. He was born on Dec. 1, 1949 in Rionegro, Colombia to Abel Escobar and Hermilda Gaviria. Pablo showed his finesse for criminal activities in college itself, when he ran a successful practice of selling counterfeit college diplomas to students. He laterRead MoreColombian Drug Lord Pablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria968 Words   |  4 PagesPablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria was a Colombian drug lord in the 1980s. He was born on December 1, 1949, to a teacher and a farmer. Growing up in the suburbs of Medellin, Pablo was constantly telling all of his friends and family that someone day he will become the president of Colombia. Escobar’s criminal activities started at an early age. He would go from cemetery to cemetery stealing gravestones and sanding them down in order to sell them to smugglers for a profit. As he got older he dropped theRead MorePablo Escobar2416 Words   |  10 PagesPablo Escobar Introduction Pablo Escobar was a man of power and riches during his time in history. Escobar was listed as the seventh richest man in the world in 1989. Coming from Medellin, the second largest city in Colombia, Escobar started off as a small time gangster and a car thief. His small time crimes would never amount to what he was going to become. In the late 1970 s Escobar and his cartel became one of the most powerful organized crime organizations. The cartel consolidated the cocaineRead MorePablo Escobar1249 Words   |  5 PagesPablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria was a Columbian drug lord and leader of one of the most powerful criminal organizations ever assembled. During the height of his power in the 1980’s, he controlled a vast empire of drugs and murder that covered the globe. He made billions of dollars, ordered the murder of hundreds if not thousands of people, and ruled over a personal empire of mansions, airplanes, a private zoo and even his own army of soldiers and hardened criminals. Born on December 1, 1949 into

The Time Management Project Is Concerned About Integrating...

INTRODUCTION The time management project is majorly concerned about integrating all works that are related to the organization goals. In this system, all incoming work will first be organized, then planned and finally aligned with the busy operating hours of ABC restaurant. The result will be avoiding unnecessary spending, and the money that could have been spent unnecessarily will be used to expand the organization. In addition to that, the system will see that no employee is idle at any given time. Employees who usually have nothing to do when business is slow will find themselves something to do. STATEMENT OF PROBLEM It came to my concern that ABC Restaurant wastes a lot of financial resources on employees who are idle when business is slow. The resources that are spent on these employees could have been allocated to other areas so as to expand the organization. The root problem of all this is based on how time is managed in this organization and also on the role of management. PROPOSED SOLUTION I propose the following to the above problems: Duties and responsibilities of project manager The project manager is the main determinant of the success of the project. He or she is responsible for initiation, design, execution, control, monitoring, successful planning and closure of the project if it fails (Whitten Whitten,2007). They should be ready to adapt to changes that come around as the project goes through the entire life cycle. Notably, the project manager ought toShow MoreRelatedData Warehousing And Information Warehousing1493 Words   |  6 Pageswarehouse concept along with the origin of the data warehouse and the current trends of data warehousing. Various steps involved in the development of the data warehousing project are discussed in this paper. This paper also lists out the challenges encountered while planning, designing and implementing data warehouse projects and the applications of the data warehousing. This paper concludes by discussing the future developments in the data warehousing. Data warehousing Data warehousingRead MoreProject Management : Project Integration Management1236 Words   |  5 Pagesand Manage Project Execution is the process for executing the work defined in the project management plan to achieve the project s requirements/objectives defined in the project scope statement† (comp. PMBOK3, p. 78). The Project Manager helps with the execution of the planned activities, sometimes with the assistance of a project management team for larger projects. This occurs during the execution phase of the project. Figure: Phases of a project When we are completing the work assigned inRead MoreDepartments Strategic Objectives, And Key Services1131 Words   |  5 Pagesthat I have adopted revolves around getting the tools needed to the people that need them. For instance, providing the financial team with a system that allows quickly report information up the chain. The management style that I find most effective is to actively involve it the status of projects in order to provide guidance or additional support as needed to complete the goal. Internal IT Strategies This IT department’s new strategic are as follows: Maintain current information security proceduresRead MoreRisk Assessment For A Financial Institution Essay1618 Words   |  7 Pagesgoverns financial institutions, Regulatory compliance, Enterprise risk management, Internal audit, Bank Secrecy Act (BSA)/Anti-Money, Laundering, Fair lending practices, Remote Deposit Capture (RDC), Lending and credit administration, function, FDICIA compliance, Community Reinvestment Act (CRA), Automated Clearing House, Information technology, E-Banking (Internet banking), Information security/Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, Vendor management, Lobby operations, and etc. During the initiation phase the clientRead MoreCurrent Crm And Erp Systems And Procedures1645 Words   |  7 Pagescurrent CRM and ERP systems and procedures. Currently, there is a custom module that is causing performance issues including failed registration orders. This results in Customer Service staff having to re-enter registration orders, as well additional work for Finance staff. This custom module also creates a barrier when upgrading our ERP system. Eliminating the custom module in our ERP system will relieve our system of these performance issues and allow the Registration orders to be processed withinRead MoreDesign And Operation The Parent Organization Completes Projects Within The Basic Functional Structures977 Words   |  4 Pagesparent organization completes projects within the basic functional structure. 2) In different functional units only appropriate specialists are assigned temporarily to work on the project and get back to their normal work. 3) Maximum flexibility in the use of staff. 4) In most crucial aspects of the projects, in depth expertise are brought in. 5) In functional division a normal career path is maintained whereas specialists are making significant contributions to the project focusing on the professionalRead MoreThe Marketing Environment Southwest Airlines944 Words   |  4 PagesEnvironmental Protection Act (EPA) data show that where aviation activities take place the regions have poor air quality. 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In order to manage these resources, Information Management systems are put in place. Information Management has to do with capturing information, efficient planning, organizing and evaluating

Genetics 301 Sample Final Examination Free Essays

Genetics 301 Sample Final Examination Spring 2003 50 Multiple Choice Questions (Choose the best answer) 1. A cross between two true breeding lines one with dark blue flowers and one with bright white flowers produces F1 offspring that are light blue. When the F1 progeny are selfed a 1:2:1 ratio of dark blue to light blue to white flowers is observed. We will write a custom essay sample on Genetics 301 Sample Final Examination or any similar topic only for you Order Now What genetic phenomenon is consistent with these results? a. epistasis b. incomplete dominance c. codominance d. inbreeding depression e. random mating 2. Mutations which occur in body cells which do not go on to form gametes can be classified as: a. auxotrophic mutations b. somatic mutations c. morphological mutations d. oncogenes e. temperature sensitive mutations 3. What would be the frequency of AABBCC individuals from a mating of two AaBbCc individuals? a.. 1/64 b. 1/32 c. 1/16 d. 1/8 e. 3/16 f. 1/4 4. The stage of meiosis in which chromosomes pair and cross over is: a. prophase I b. metaphase I c. prophase II d. metaphase II e. anaphase II2 5. Polyploidy refers to: a. extra copies of a gene adjacent to each other on a chromosome b. an individual with complete extra sets of chromosomes c. a chromosome which has replicated but not divided d. multiple ribosomes present on a single mRNA e. an inversion which does not include the centromere 6. A gene showing codominance- a. has both alleles independently expressed in the heterozygote b. has one allele dominant to the other c. has alleles tightly linked on the same chromosome d. has alleles expressed at the same time in development e. has alleles that are recessive to each other 7. The phenomenon of â€Å"independent assortment† refers to: a. expression at the same stage of development b. unlinked transmission of genes in crosses resulting from being located on different chromsomes, or far apart on the same chromosome. c. association of an RNA and a protein implying related function d. independent location of genes from each other in an interphase cell e. association of a protein and a DNA sequence implying related function 8. Mendel’s law of segregation, as applied to the behavior of chromosomes in meiosis, means that: a. pairing of homologs will convert one allele into the other, leading to separation of the types. b. alleles of a gene separate from each other when homologs separate in meiosis I, or in meiosis II if there is a single crossover between the gene and the centromere. c. genes on the same chromosome will show 50% recombination d. alleles of a gene will be linked and passed on together through meiosis 9. Which component of transcribed RNA in eukaryotes is present in the initial transcript but is removed before translation occurs: a. Intron b. 3†² Poly A tail c. Ribosome binding site d. 5†² cap e. codons coding for the protein to be produced3 10. Choose the correct statement about the genetic code. a. includes 61 codons for amino acids and 3 stop codons b. almost universal; exactly the same in most genetic systems c. three bases per codon d. some amino acids are coded by multiple codons e. all of the above 11. X-chromosome inactivation a. normally takes place in males but not females b. is the cause of the Y chromosome being genetically inactive c. takes place in humans so that the same X chromosome is inactive in all of the cells of a female d. occurs in fruit flies but not in mammals e. results in genetically turning off one of the two X chromosomes in female mammals 12. DNA ligase is: a. an enzyme that joins fragments in normal DNA replication b. an enzyme involved in protein synthesis c. an enzyme of bacterial origin which cuts DNA at defined base sequences d. an enzyme that facilitates transcription of specific genes e. an enzyme which limits the level to which a particular nutrient reaches 13. An Hfr strain of E. coli contains: a. a vector of yeast or bacterial origin which is used to make many copies of a particular DNA sequence b. a bacterial chromosome with a human gene inserted c. a bacterial chromosome with the F factor inserted d. a human chromosome with a transposable element inserted e. a bacterial chromosome with a phage inserted4 14. An experiment was conducted in E. coli to map the following genes (pro, his, bio, met, phe and trp) on a circular map using 3 different Hfr strains. Strain 1 Order of transfer (early to late): trp met his pro Strain 2 Order of transfer (early to late): his met trp bio Strain 3 Order of transfer (early to late): pro phe bio trp Based on the results what is the most likely map? a. b. c. d. 15. Generation of antibody diversity in vertebrate animals takes place through: a. the presence of as many genes in the germ line as there are types of antibodies possible. b. infection with bacteria carrying antibody genes c. infection with viruses carrying antibody genes d. polyploidy in antibody-forming cells e. rearrangement of DNA in tissues that go on to produce antibodies 16. Replication of DNA: a. takes place in a â€Å"conservative† manner b. takes place in a â€Å"dispersive† manner c. takes place in a â€Å"semi-conservative† manner d. usually involves one origin of replication per chromosome in eukaryotes e. takes place only in the 3†² to 5†² direction trp pro his phe met bio trp pro bio met phe his phe met bio pro trp his trp pro met bio phe his5 17. A duplication is: a. an exchange between non-homologous chromosomes, resulting in chromosomes with new genes adjacent to each other. b. loss of genes in part of a chromosome c. an extra copy of the genes on part of a chromosome d. a reversal of order of genes on a chromosome e. an extra set of chromosomes in an organism 18. What is the co-transduction frequency for the A and B genes, from the following dataset? (Assume that there has been selection for the A+ form of the A gene). Genotype Number A+B+ C+ 10 A+B+ C- 30 A+ B- C+ 20 A+ B- C- 40 a. .10 b. .20 c. .30 d. .40 e. .50 19. A mutation in a codon leads to the substitution of one amino acid with another. What is the name for this type of mutation? a. nonsense mutation b. missense mutation c. frameshift mutation d. promoter muttion e. operator mutation 20. Mapping of human chromosomes: a. has been restricted to the sex chromosomes because of small family sizes b. proceeded much more successfully as large numbers of DNA markers became available. c. has determined that the number of linkage groups is about twice the number of chromosomes d. has demonstrated that almost all of the DNA is involved in coding for genes e. has shown that there are more genes on the Y than on the X chromosome6 How to cite Genetics 301 Sample Final Examination, Papers

Runaway Slaves as the Origin of Free free essay sample

Abroad Ever since abduction of African slaves from the shores of the Dark Continent, there has been a struggle for the same people to find freedom until slavery was eventually abolished in the years just before 1900. The struggle for freedom has always been costly to the African slaves during the middle passage and after they had been sold to work in American and European plantations. The quickest route to freedom for the African slaves was usually attempting to run away in order to start a new life away from their masters.When slaves attempted to run away, they were pursued using rude means and hunted down like animals. Slaves were usually treated as animals. The people that went after slaves that had run away usually did so in order that they may win the reward that was usually offered by the slave masters. The slaves attempts to run away from their white masters was the earliest symbol that they were human beings that desired to live in humane conditions and also the avenues through which the African slaves built the resilience that became useful for several centuries until slavery was illegal. We will write a custom essay sample on Runaway Slaves as the Origin of Free or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Figure 1: Image of 1 sass Runaway Slave Named Nelson, bloodspot. Com, 12 Deck. , 1861. Web. 1 Jan. , 2013 The poster above (fig. 1) shows the reward and conditions of recovering a run-away slave by the name of Nelson in the era before the abolishment of slavery. 100 US dollars was a good incentive for recapturing fugitive slaves in the past. For this reason, there arose a breed of people that worked in plantations as slave masters who corrected and retrieved the wayward slaves.As Americans were eager to build a nation of people that were loyal to Biblical principles, some of the major problems that the pre-dominantly male chauvinistic society faced were the run-away slaves, disobedient wives and hillier that were not loyal to the teachings of their parents (Hoffman, Greed and Bulb 53). The slave masters who were usually male white supremacists at times lost run-away slaves because their children and wives were not as vigilant and as enthusiastic about keeping them in bondage. Hoffman et al. Explains that not everybody in the society was in agreement as to the manner in which the slaves should be treated.A slave by the name of Frederick Douglass explains that when working with some Irishmen, they showed sympathy for him and even advised him that to run away from vapidity would be a valid choice (Hoffman, Greed and Bulb 410). The Irishmen, who would be expected to be interested in the reward that was offered to people that brought slaves back home were more concerned with the well being of the African slave. This being the case, Douglass mind (and deductively the mind of enslaved black people in general) became receptive to the possibilities of freedom after this generous offer from strangers.Although Douglas feigned disinterest in the opportunity to escape as presented by the Irish people, he marked the possibilities in his mind and prepared for his first attempt at escaping. In 1 838, Douglass embraced the possibilities of finding freedom by first becoming a fugitive s lave. The man escaped for sure as expected but it is the success that he had in escaping that was strange. Despite that a German blacksmith noticed his activities and identity the man did not raise any alarm and let him go free (Hoffman, Greed and Bulb 410).The consequences of attempting to escape from the control of their white masters did not fully deter the slaves from aspiring for a free life. The punishments for attempting to escape, other than a major whipping, were as many as the masters with plantations. One slave explains that his attempts to escape from his master caused him to be sold to a master named BRB at a cheap and disgracing price (Hoffman, Greed and Bulb 375). In a short while, the run-away slaves were no longer in need of looking for a better life; they had unions to affiliate themselves with (Hoffman, Greed and Bulb 432).The opportunity to run away was sometimes facilitated by the most unlikely sources. The structure of the society in the era of slavery was mostly according to social class just as much as it was based on race. The plain white folk were able to relate to the struggles of the slaves. These people interacted with the slaves to the point that their children and the enslaved children spoke similar dialects, worked together, played together, were involved in acts of crime and in some events they would run away together (Hoffman, Greed and Bulb 65).The confidence that the common folk built with the slaves was more cohesive than the rewards that the slave masters offered to the people who captured the run-away slaves. When Aloud Equation (Hoffman, Greed and Bulb 46-50) gives an account of his earliest memories from a free African man to a traded slave in the horses of the West, he recounts the horrors that he and his peers faced that warranted any man to be eager to escape. The man was even fearful that the white strange looking men were going to consume him as food.The fears that Equation had were calmed down by the observation that he made on the manner that the white servants were treated by t he merchants. Although many people came into European and Western colonies as captives and laborers, it is the African people that suffered the most perils in the hands of the whites. The Africans were also subjected to slavery for longer periods of mime (Hoffman, Greed and Bulb 49). As the black people became permanent laboring elements in Western households, the manner in which they were treated continued to improve.At some point they were even treated as would be the white servants. Equation explains that the relationship that they formed with the white servants was useful to them when they tried to escape and when they attempted to strive for better lives (Hoffman, Greed and Bulb 49). Long after the activities of the original slaves had persisted for years and even after the abolishment of slavery, black people remained oppressed. At he height of slavery, the black people started to design methodological ways to escape from their captors and masters rather than running aimlessly for their freedoms sake.The Underground Railroad was the dangerous path to freedom that the slaves of American masters, especially in the South, designed as their route to free lives (XIII). The Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 allowed and encouraged the capture of fugitive slaves due to the fact that they were seen as stolen property, rather than abused human beings (LICE). This was not the only worry that the people faced after they had taken to heir heels to escape the intolerable slave conditions that they had been subjected to. The environment itself was a threat to the livelihood of run- away slaves.Wild animals, tough terrain, intolerable temperatures and lack of food were all problems that the run-away slaves had to cope with as they utilized the Underground Railroad (ELLI). The black people tolerated these conditions and more with the hope that they would either be free to head home in the future Or become citizens of America in the Free states. The nature of the average escapade by slaves in America gradually morphed onto the black peoples fights for their civil rights. The conditions that the slaves had tolerated before they found freedom by right or fight was reas on enough for them to forge bombard against tremendous resistance. Freedom seekers continued to hide in remote and inaccessible areas, but over time new opportunities appeared (Bolton l). The war for American independence presented the people with an opportunity. In his study of freedom sought by slaves in the form of flight, Bolton concludes that the different forms of aid that the escapees were granted were the reason they were generally successful in finding freedom (1 The author argues that the friends of the fugitives facilitated their escape instead of showing interest in the rewards that the system gave to those who were obstacles to slaves escape.At times, aid for the escaping slaves would come in the form of thieves whose only motive was selfish profit but in other cases the evidence suggests the assistance was designed to benefit the enslaved person (Bolton 4). The suffering that the African community in the Western world was subjected to when they were slaves persisted after slavery was abolished. These people resisted in fighting for th eir own freedom from racism in the same manner that they fought slavery which was against all odds and with a few well- wishing individuals to aid them.